It seems like just yesterday that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were seized by the government, but in actuality, the effort to save the mortgage giants from going under took place in 2008. Two years later, the Wall Street Journal is finding that Fannie Mae is just one of the many companies reverting to its old ways, and the outlook is dim for consumers. Risky lending is back in the forefront of the housing market, according to the Journal, and borrowers are cautioned to look before they leap into a mortgage.
A new program launched by Fannie Mae in January awarded loans to some first-time homebuyers to buy property with down payments as low as $1,000. The Journal found that brokerage operations, such as Morgan Stanley Smith Barney, were giving out home-equity lines as large as $2.5 million. In an economy that’s taking months to show signs of recovery, a rise in predatory lending will only send consumers down the wrong track. 
According to the Journal, credit card issuers have mailed offers to 84.8 million sub-prime borrowers so far this year. That’s 43.7 million more offers than in 2009, an increase of over 100 percent. The Journal also notes that eight percent of auto loans issued in the latest quarter of 2010 went to consumers with low (i.e., high-risk) credit scores. The housing market is the only section where lenders are showing particular caution, perhaps because housing prices were a main factor contributing to the recession.
Although many consumers are now considered a risk for lenders, the latest American Bankers Association report found that delinquency rates are falling across the country. Late payments fell to 3.88 percent in the first quarter of 2010, according to MarketWatch. This is the first time the rate has dropped below four percent since 2002, and it has given lenders reason to believe that now is the perfect time to sell.
The weekly survey released by Bankrate on July 15 showed that mortgage rates are beginning to climb. The average 15-year fixed rate mortgage is up to 4.23 percent, while the five-year adjustable rate is up to 4.12 percent. In general, borrowers should steer clear of adjustable-rate mortgages. Monthly loan bills can balloon as a result of changing rates, causing homeowners to fall behind on their payments and increase their debt.
Homeowners who are already finding it difficult to make payments should consider refinancing before mortgage rates grow steeper. Refinancing can help reduce mortgage payments and even achieve a lower fixed rate.
In order to qualify for refinancing, however, a homeowner must have a good credit history. Lenders are more inclined to approve applicants who have high credit scores, which indicate that they can repay their debt in a timely manner. Bankrate recommends that consumers monitor their credit three to six months before attempting to refinance or apply for a big loan for the best chances of being approved.
As always, you should be cautious of incentives from credit card issuers and loan lenders. In general, payments should be affordable, and you should be comfortable with the terms and conditions prior to applying. Falling into credit card debt or failing to repay a loan can result in long-term harm to your credit score.